Abandon the Use of Cellular Phones essays

Abandon the Use of Cellular Phones essays In this new age of technology, it is incredibly common to see someone with a cellular phone in their hand whether walking across a street, driving in an automobile or buying a brand new one at a local wireless phone company. Seemingly, there are now well over 140 million cellular phone users around the world (Sundeen, 2003). The handheld device is convenient for those who need to call ahead if they are running late for an appointment, to make an emergency phone call or to have a simple conversation. Despite the convenience factor of wireless phones, there are intriguing ramifications such as aircraft malfunctioning, automobile accidents and health issues that should lead to the diminishing of cellular phones. Warned by many airline companies, one of the problems caused by cellular phones is the interference with the aircrafts communication and navigation systems. It was not until the year 2000 when all airline companies ban the use of cellular phones. The law restriction was forced primarily because of an air crash of the flight number LX 498 Crossair (Saab 340), a private aircraft, which killed 10 people on board. The speculation was that it was caused by an SMS message received by a passenger and a cellular phone call. Data was misinterpreted which led to a crash (Murtazin t pose much of a problem if something did occur like the events of fli...

What Electric Cars Are Doing to Reduce Global Pollution Levels

What Electric Cars Are Doing to Reduce Global Pollution Levels Could electric cars be a solution to global pollution? To What Extent Are Electric Cars a Solution to Global Pollution? Our society has long considered what we can do to improve the society we live in, to make it better for the children that we are leaving behind. One aspect that must be considered is the level of pollution that occurs throughout the country and the world and the ways in which that pollution level can be reduced. The most popular method that is presented for the reduction of pollution is increasing the number of electric cars on the road and thereby reducing a number of toxins released from traditional cars. A Minor Difference Many say that global pollution is a sum of many different factors and decreasing the number of vehicles that are currently emitting greenhouse gasses will only make a minor impact on global pollution as it exists today. This may, in fact, be true, as it would be nearly impossible to make all vehicles completely electric and, even if it were possible, each would only have a slight impact as long as other methods of pollution were still in effect. Even still, this slight impact will be the start to  changes and this could, in the end, cause a drastic change in the amount of pollution released into the environment. No Production of Gasoline Electric cars run off of electricity and therefore do not require the production of gasoline. Because gasoline is not being mined, this reduces the number of gasses and other pollution that is released not only into the air but into the soil as well. This can reduce the amount of toxins that are getting into the plants, animals and even ourselves within the environment, especially important to the reduction of the effects of pollution.  With a massive production of gasoline comes other less intentional aspects such as leaks and therefore additional pollution into the ground which can definitely leach into the water and even our crops. When gasoline is produced its actually a very messy process and it can result in a lot of problems for the surrounding area. There have been a number of oil leaks throughout the world that have resulted in poisoned water and animals for a long time after the leak is found and cleaned up. Thats because the damage can never fully be undone from that leak and that same material is what is getting into the air we breathe and the soil we grow our crops in and the water that we drink all the time. What actually causes it is the production and transportation of gasoline. Read also: ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION AND GREEN CITIZENSHIP No Greenhouse Gases Leaked From Cars Likewise, with electric cars, they do not create greenhouse gasses to be let off into the atmosphere. As a result of this, there is less pollution being put into the air and far less that is actually being trapped within the air. Because gas is not released, there is less to cause illness or harm to the population of humans, plants, and animals without our world. This ensures that the world is going to be a much cleaner place for the future and our future generations. When traditional cars use gasoline that has to be burned off and goes into the air as a type of smog. Youve likely seen it coming out of the tailpipes of cars but youve especially seen it come out of large tractor trailers. This smog is extremely bad for anyone to breathe in and it becomes even worse when it gets into the atmosphere and stays there. Thats because it can then trap in more dangerous chemicals and smog so the air becomes permanently damaged, instead of just for that short time. Even reducing the number of full gasoline vehicles on the road by 1,000 vehicles would make an immense amount of difference. 100 vehicles could be a big difference even and thats only two people per state for just the United States, not counting other areas that are considering the importance of electric cars to a higher extent than the United States. With even a small amount starting the trend and bringing in more and more people it would be possible to make an immense difference in the amount of pollution in our world, something that is extremely important to remember.

Money laundering Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Money laundering - Essay Example Furthermore, the ML does not have to involve physical exchange of money or currency. Modern concept therefore considers a transaction or formation of relationship to be a case of money laundering if it involves any form of property or benefit, tangible or intangible earned through criminal activity which includes tax evasion. ML does not necessarily require movement of criminal proceeds for being laundered. Thus, financial institutions especially banks can easily get involved in money laundering process when money earned in a legitimate activity and deposited into a bank account in another country by a person becomes a laundered money assumed as done with the connivance of the bank if he fails to declared the earnings in his tax return in the country in which it has been earned and the bank also fails to report it as s suspicious activity (Hopton 2009). The USA Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) has defined money laundering as â€Å"the criminal practice of filtering il l-gotten gains† or â€Å"dirty† currency through a sequence of dealings, so the currency is â€Å"cleaned† to appear as if earned by lawful conduct (McClean 2007). Criminals resort to money laundering to legitimise substantial portion of their ill-gotten wealth as otherwise they cannot put it to use. Moreover, they do not need the entire money for their ongoing criminal ventures. They are motivated to launder their tainted money in order to have respectful postitions in society by investing the money so earned in respectable avenues. The proceeds of crime were once said to channel through launderettes in the USA to enable the actual notes to be offered as lawful commercial income, thus earning the expression â€Å"Money Laundering† (McClean 2007). Money Laundering process It involves three stages as per the tradition. First, placement of funds of criminal origin in to the financial system through direct or indirect means. Second, resorting to layering by w hich receipt of criminal proceeds are blurred through creation of layers of financial transactions with the object of hiding the audit trail and providing anonymity. Third, after successful layering, integration process pumps the laundered money into the mainstream economy so as to make them appear as funds received during the course of business. These stages are subtle in that they more often overlap or take place simultaneously (Hopton 2009). The Financial Action Task Force (FATF) FATF is autonomous body representing various governments and entrusted with introduction of measures to ensure against ML and providing funds for terrorism using the global financial system. The recommendations of FATF are required to be implemented to counter money laundering and considered as the standard for anti-money laundering (AML) and counter-terrorist financing (CTF) (FATF 2010). Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) FINRA is the autonomous regulatory body of the USA governing activiti es of securities firms in the United Sates. Anti-money laundering compliance program of FINRA requires each member to develop anti-money laundering program so designed as to monitor the member’s compliance with the requirements of the Bank Secrecy Act (31 USC) (FINRA n.d.). Suspicious Activity Report (SAR) Suspicious Activity Reporting is the requirement to be complied with by all financial institutions such as banks, credit unions, brokers or dealers in securities

Los Angeles urban economy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Los Angeles urban economy - Essay Example Riverside County’s main city is the city of Riverside. The city is located 53 miles eastwards of Los Angeles, in southeast California. The department of public works in the city of Riverside provides solid waste collection services in the city. The waste collection services were organized by this department through various policies (City of Riverside, 1). The local policy, over time, the city policy of waste management has been dynamic in its mode of operation. In 1992, the policy stipulated that trash collection was reduced to once per week from twice a week, but it now incorporates the collection of green wastes once a week. Over time the policy has changed to improve waste collection, in 1994 the municipal code required that all projects provide enough space and collect recyclable waste. Solid waste service, this division of the public works department was mandated to provide integral waste management services in a manner that is cost effective. The division was basically mandated to collect, dispose and recycle solid wastes from every resident (The Friday Flyer, 1). Source reduction, this program of the public work was charged with management of waste reduction thus managing waste in its all diversities. This was achieved by formulation of workshop that advised participants accordingly. The division has also encouraged its residents to recycle grass as a reduction strategy. This program is however conducted by placing of all trash in the recycling cart and trash was also placed in bags before loading to carts in instances that the cart is damaged; a contact number was given a public number through which the city council was contacted for replacement. The city authority sol bag tags at efficient prices of $2 at the city hall, these bags were used for purposes of filled trash carbs. This bag tags were each less than 40 gallons. Trash that was out of the carb

English Communicative Grammar Essay Example for Free

English Communicative Grammar Essay 1. The following passage has not been edited. There is one error in each line. Write the incorrect word and the correction in your answer sheet against the correct question number. Remember to underline the word you have supplied. Incorrect Correct Often these days we hear and speak of the conquered (eg.) conquered conquest in nature, ‘the taming of a river’, ‘the war against insects’ (a) _________ _________ and so on. Often these phrases being used without consciously (b) _________ _________ attaching any value to them, but they have an underlying attitude of hostile towards Nature and Nature’s (c) _________ _________ creatures, a viewpoint which seeming to assume (d) _________ _________ Nature as an enemy that needs to being vanquished. (e) _________ _________ Alternatively, Nature is seen merely as the ‘resource’ to be(f) _________ _________ ‘exploited’. 2. Read the following conversation and complete the paragraph. Write the answers in your answer sheet against the correct blank numbers. One morning while reading the paper, Raj told his wife (a). His wife, Rita, said that she thought (b).. . Raj replied that (c).. as the cashier had run away with Rs 5 million. 3. Complete the headlines by choosing the correct answers from the options given below: a) Drive against Liquor Mafia launched The police ______________________ engaged in smuggling of liquor to the state. b) China develops medical robot A polytechnic university in China ______________________ that can conduct surgeries. 4. Read the extract given below and answer the questions that follow by choosing the correct options. All pity choked with custom of fell deeds: And Caesar’s spirit, ranging for revenge, With Ate by his side come hot from hell Shall in these confines with a monarch’s voice Cry ‘Havoc’, and let slip the dogs of war; 1.Who is speaking these lines and when? a) Brutus at Caesar’s funeral b) Cassius at Caesar’s funeral c) Antony before Caesar’s body d) Antony to the Roman mob 2.How shall Caesar appear and what for? a) as a ghost to take revenge b) as a ghost with Ate to take revenge c) as a ghost to announce doomsday d) as a ghost to destroy humanity 3.Ate’ in Greek mythology is the a) goddess of revenge b) goddess of death c) goddess of destruction d) goddess of deception. 5. Answer the following questions briefly: ( 20-25 words)(1 Â ½ x 3 = 4 Â ½ Marks) i. Antony was indeed an excellent orator who ignited the spirit of revenge in the minds of the Roman people. Describe how he moulded the minds of the Roman people and turned them against the conspirators. ii. How is Brutus successful in taking Caesar to the Senate inspite of Calpurnia’s efforts to the contrary? iii. Write a note on the famous words ‘Et tu Brute!’ spoken by Caesar. 6. Though both Brutus and Antony address the public of Rome before Caesar’s funeral, there is a basic difference between the two. Bring out this contrast. Your answer should not exceed 75 words. (6 Marks)

Fools Rush In and My Big Fat Greek Wedding Essay -- Movies Movie Film

Fools Rush In and My Big Fat Greek Wedding Every movie that is written has a certain attitude to it. Some of these are intended to be laughed at and others are meant to be heartfelt. Though each movie is written with its own voice, so to speak, many have similar plots or themes. The two movies Fools Rush In and My Big Fat Greek Wedding are two of these movies that have similarities in the themes, but not necessarily in the plots. Both of these romantic comedies have strong religious backgrounds on the woman’s side of the family and differences in culture. The main theme between these two movies is the quest for happiness and all the troubles that must be overcome to achieve it. In the movie Fools Rush In Salma Hayek and Matthew Perry meet at a night club and have a one night stand. As a result of their fling Isabel (Salma Hayek) becomes pregnant. Isabel was raised in a very Catholic home and if you are pregnant it is disrespectful to God not to be married. Alex (Matthew Perry) decides that it is fate that has brought them together and so he decides they need to rush off and get married. Their families are not informed of their spur-of-the-moment decision and when they find out Isabel’s father becomes irate. Alex decides not to inform his family of the decision because in his family you marry into the same culture and the difference would be shocking to his parents. After realizing they have married for all the wrong reasons they decide to split up and go their separate ways. Isabel goes to live in Mexico and Alex goes to New York. After many signs they both decide they cannot live life without one another. In the end both of them are happy w ith their decisions and live a happy life with their family’s approv... ...y Big Fat Greek Wedding Ian was given the ultimatum convert or leave. In the end he converts and realizes it is the best decision ever because it allowed Toula to give herself to him completely and with the approval of her family. These two movies deal with many similar themes, even though the plots differ some. The difference in religions and culture make the movies more realistic and home-based. The main theme of searching for a real love is what makes the movies so romantic, even though they are both classified as romantic comedies. Whether these two movies make one laugh of cry they are two very similar movies. If one of these movies seems to grab one’s attention, more than likely the other will too. So, if it is crying or laughing one can not go wrong with these two movies; they both give a little bit of laughter and they can both cause a few tears.

Dch Logistics

DCH Logistics Planning for La Cafetiere What are the advantages of having a bonded Warehouse and how can it help in doing international business? A Bonded Warehousing can be defined as storage, manipulation, or further manufacturing of dutiable goods in a building or other secured area without the payment of duty on it. Advantage: Goods can stay in a bonded warehouse for an unlimited period of time, and no import duties and VAT will have to be paid until the moment they are actually imported into free circulation in the EU, e. g. o be transported to a customer. – You get the possible suspension of certain trade policy measure (license, ID, †¦ ) – You get a significant cash advantage, because the fees and charges are payable only when goods are released for consumption, – Your competitiveness is increased in the case of re-export to third countries, since tariffs have not affected the cost.Customs duties and VAT at import are only paid in the country of desti nation, and double payment is avoided -Goods kept in bonded warehouse are used as collateral security for bank loan. Goods kept in bonded warehouse are safe and are free from the fear of being stolen or damaged. All those advantages are useful to do international business What are the common logistics issues faced by multinational companies? Common logistic issues that multinational companies often have to cope with : * Late delivery * Bad or poor infrastructure in some countries: to receive the goods, road, hardboard†¦ * Environmental/political issues in the host country, Regional trade agreements * Legal : trade regulation & standars Trade protection mechanisms, Tariffs , Quotas, Voluntary export restriction, Local content requirements, Health/environmental regulations, Government procurement policies * Customs procedures and regulations as well as cross-border points infrastructure and operations * Quality management is often done in the origin country which lead to high transport cost * Cultural difference * Lack of business network when developing on a new market * Currency risks What benefits can La Cafetiere get from DCH Logistics?DCH know how to deal with Chinese market, have experience with international trade; lot of modern warehouses and infrastructures, distribution center and bonded warehouses.. Offering also packaging services In Xinhui LC together with an array of follow up arrangements, including quality control, warehousing, inventory, shipment transportation and sales responses. Kuk was trying to come up with an attractive solution for La Cafetipre’s late delivery problems. In addition he wanted to explain the benefits of a solution involving DCH Logistics.La Cafetiere can get benefits from DCH Logistics because one the one hand the Chinese market is growing very quickly and on the other hand, this market correspond perfectly to the strategy of La Cafetiere who wants to propose new products, adapted to this new market. Moreove r, nowadays, China is a cross trade place where all countries come in order to do business. It’s today a central point for the manufacturing and the trading thanks to the work and the financial power of this country.Basically, what a 3PL can bring to a company is the opportunity to focus on their core competency, in oder to achieve better quality, time management, and reduce the Total cost of ownership of their product. Here DCH logistics offer to la cafetiere to take care of the implementation of facilities on the Asian market in order to reduce their delivery time, especially when it comes to reverse logistics since quality management is operated in UK. Then DCH also offer La cafetiere a storage solution with the bonded warehousing hat will allow la cafetiere to saves up on inventory/ storage cost/ facilities implementation. Overall we can say that DCH is bringing La cafetiere opportunities to develop their market in Asia, allowing them to continue to produce high end goods , and to develop in a new area, without experiencing the â€Å"starting up† problem that are link to new implementation such as : * Warehouse implementation * Reverse logistics problem * Tax on manufacture goods * Business network Reputation in the new country What should DCH Logistics do to develop its business further? DCH is a 3PL, which means that the network they build in a particular area is their main assets, aside from their experience and reputation, that is their â€Å"Trust insurance† for company that want to implement in the area â€Å"mastered† by the 3PL. Here DCH is really well integrated in the Asian business network, and have developed their infrastructure in strategic area.They offer bonded warehousing for their client, business network and facilities: * Distribution center * Packaging services * Stock management and facilities. These are the 3 main option DCH are offering, if they want to develop their business, there is a lot of services they can bring up to their future client. A. Increase their range of solution. 1. Logistics of Transport : Invest and develop a software that is able to esign best route for transport in the area they are operating, which will be sold as a â€Å"Solution for transport† to the companies they are working with. In the same idea, they can decide to invest in Transport assets such as truck, or cross docking platform, which will allow them to offered the total transport logistics to a company that is willing to develop its business in the particular area, or just a part of the transport, since they will have fragmented the chain of transport into different level of solution. 2.Reverse logistics: Build an infrastructure that cope with international standard of quality, that offer the reverse logistics solution such as : * Fluctuating product (return from clients, reparation) * Eco-Treatment of unusable product (recycling) * Partnership with other manufacturer to resell part of the produ ct that are re-usable. * Platform of quality management dedicated to the partner for installing their quality management service in order to reduce transport cost and delivery time. B. Implement their business in a different area. . Such as Europe, since they can work with la cafetiere they will be allowed to gather information about the way European are working and can bring up a case study of â€Å"Is working with European is worth it ? † 2. United State, since it’s the core business area of the world, and also because entrepreneurship is extremely developed in this particular area, starting up company often need to outsource a part of their logistics, since they need to focus on their core competency in order to gain market share.

Cause and Effects of Stress in Children Essay

Stress is a response to a factor or situation that negatively affects the physical, emotional, or psychological existence of a person. Stress is good in small quantities as it motivates a person making him/her more productive. However, too much stress is detrimental to a person. Stress can interfere with the general life of a person. Most people assume that stress only affects adults. However, statistics indicate that stress also affects children. Children face intense pressure from their environment. Continuous stress in children is harmful to their activities, health, and development. There are a number of causes and effects of toxic stress in children. Stress can be caused by both negative and positive situations. Children living in abusive environments, both physical and emotional, experience stress. Arnold wrote that children who are bullied are in continuous state of depression. They, therefore, alienate themselves from their colleagues. Parents who constantly beat their children are also causes of stress. The fear that is manifested in children disorients them. They will not be able to talk about what they feel to anybody but rather keep to themselves. Events such as accidents, loss of loved ones, and rejection are also causes of stress in children. Social change patterns in children cause many stressful situations. Children at puberty yearn for freedom. This creates tension between them and the parents, who are constantly monitoring and regulating their activities. In the same stage, children will constantly be in need of money. Lack of money causes stress in children as they are not always able to buy whatever they may need. They will compare themselves with other children who are in comfortable financial positions. Such children are always anxious and worried of where and how they will get money. Stress in children is not only caused by what happens in their own lives but also by what happens in their parents’ lives. The greatest effects of stress are experienced by the brain. The brain controls all the stress mechanism in the body making it the primary stress organ. Johnson stated that the vulnerability of children’s brain is caused  by the fact that they are constantly growing and developing. Constant stress in children disrupts brain development and compromises its normal function. Research has indicated that children experiencing stress have smaller brains. Toxic stress impairs the connection of brain circuits resulting in development of a smaller brain. Prolonged period of stress in children affects their nervous and immune system. Stress hormones are released when a child is exposed to stress. Cortisol hormones, which are released as a result of stress, suppress the body immune system. This leaves a person vulnerable to diseases and infections. Depression, alcoholism, eating disorders, and chronic diseases are also linked to childhood stress. Psychological effects of stress include changes in personality, aggressiveness, and irritability. Children under stress are likely to experience frustrations and isolation from friends and family. They spend more time on their own and lack motivation. Children may also have difficulty in concentration thereby affecting their academic performance. Children under extreme stress exhibit change in behavior. They may be more disobedient, fight often, stutter, and cry often. In conclusion, stress in children has many causes and effects. The notion that stress only affects adults is wrong. Too much stress, often referred to as toxic stress, is detrimental to the life of a child. Toxic stress affects the physical, emotional, psychological, and social aspects of a child. Even though every child reacts differently under stress, it is clear that stress affects the neural system and the health of a child. Children under stress tend to develop negative characteristics like irritability and disobedience. Research has indicated that there are number of causes of childhood stress which are interrelated. Social change patterns, abusive environment, and stress in parents are just some of the cause of childhood stress.

Spanish Words for Work

Spanish Words for Work Although the related Spanish words trabajo (noun) and trabajar (verb) likely first come to mind as translations for the English word work, in fact work has an array of meanings that must be conveyed in Spanish in other ways. Key Takeaways Trabajo (noun) and trabajar (verb) are frequently used to refer to human labor.Funcionar is commonly used when saying whether a thing works.Many idiomatic phrases using work need to be learned individually for translation. Translating 'Work' as Employment Trabajo and trabajar are frequently used to mean work when it refers to employment: Mi hermano busca trabajo. (My brother is looking for work.)Va al trabajo cada maà ±ana vestido de una camisa blanca. (He goes to work every day dressed in a white shirt.) ¿Quà © tipo de trabajo ests buscando? (What line of work are you looking for?)Si trabajamos es importante trazarnos metas realistas a cumplir. (If we work it is important to develop realistic goals to accomplish.)Katrina y yo trabajamos juntos. (Katrina and I work together.)La mayorà ­a de sus parientes masculinos trabajaron en la fbrica. (Most of her male relatives worked in the factory.) When work refers to a job, empleo can also be used: Segà ºn la agencia, el 65 por ciento de los hondureà ±os no tiene empleo. (According to the agency, 65 percent of Hondurans dont have work.)El empleo es la clave para erradicar la pobreza. (Work is the key to eradicating poverty.)Su empleo puede interferir con sus obligaciones acadà ©micas. (Your work can interfere with your academic obligations.) 'Work' Referring to Functioning When to work is a synonym of to function, funcionar can often be used: Este mà ©todo no funciona en todos los casos. (This method doesnt work in every case.)El modelo econà ³mico chino funciona bien. (The Chinese economic model works well.)Cuando una computadora funciona mal el primer paso es rehabilitar al operador. (When a computer works poorly the first step is to retrain the operator.) Similarly, to work meaning to have an effect can be translated as surtir efecto: La protesta campesina surte efecto. The farmworkers protest is working.Desgraciadamente, la medicina no surtià ³ efecto. Unfortunately, the medicine didnt work. 'To Work Out' The phrase work out can be translated in various ways depending on what is meant. As you learn Spanish, you may be best off thinking of other English words that have the same meaning and translate them instead: Todo muy biensale para Santos. (Everything worked out (turned out) very well for Santos.)Si hace ejercicio en un gimnasio, pida asistencia antes de probar algo nuevo. (If you work out (exercise) in a gymnasium, ask for help before trying something new.)Necesito ayuda para resolver estes crucigramas. (I need help to work out (solve) these crossword puzzles.) Similarly, if uses of work dont fit well in any of the above categories, see if you can think of a good English synonym and try translating that word instead: Est desempleado. (Hes out of work (unemployed).)Los peones labraban la tierra. (The farmhands worked (cultivated) the ground.)El artista prefiere pintar al à ³leo. (The artist prefers to work (paint) in oils.)Soy adicto a trabajo. (Im a workaholic (addicted to work).)Se puso frenà ©tico cuando leyà ³ la carta. (He worked himself into (became) a frenzy when he read the letter.)Fue impactado en el pecho por un tornillo que se soltà ³. He was struck in the chest by a screw that had worked itself loose (became loose).Este problema es imposibe de evitar. (This problem is impossible to work around (avoid).)Mi hermana completà ³ el proyecto escolar con rpidez. (My sister made short work (completed rapidly) of the school project.) There are also a few ways work is used that have specific equivalents, the most common being obra as an artistic creation: Nuestro sistema solar es una obra de arte. (Our solar system is a work of art.) Similarly, a reference work is an obra de referencia. The phrase piece of work or real piece of work, when referring to a person, can be translated in numerous ways, depending on precisely on what is meant. You could say, for example, the the person crea problemas (creates problems), es difà ­cil (is difficult), or es complicado (is complicated). There are also idiomatic phrases such as calling the person todo un personaje (loosely, quite a personality) or una buena pieza (literally, a good piece). The translations given above for work are far from the only possibilities, and are intended to give you a feel for the different ways of approaching translation of the word.

Tener Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, Examples

Tener Conjugation in Spanish, Translation, Examples The Spanish verb tener, which means to have or to possess, is one of the most irregular verbs in the language. This article includes tener conjugations in the indicative mood (present, past, future and conditional), the subjunctive mood (present and past), the imperative mood, and other verb forms like the gerund and past participle. Note that the verb stem changes in some conjugations, and others have completely irregular forms. The only other verbs that follow the same conjugation pattern are verbs derived from tener such as detener, contener, abstener, obtener, sostener, and mantener. Using the Verb Tener The verb tener can be used in most contexts when you would say to have in English, with the meaning of to possess or to own. However, tener is also part of some useful expressions. For example, just like in English, tener que infinitive means to have to, the phrase tengo que trabajar means I have to work. Other important uses of the verb are tener hambre (to be hungry), tener sed (to be thirsty), tener frà ­o (to be cold), tener calor (to be hot), tener miedo (to be scared), and tener sueà ±o (to be sleepy). While in English we often use the adjectives hungry, sleepy, etc., in Spanish those states of being are expressed by the verb tener followed by the noun. For example, Bajà ³ la temperatura y ahora tengo mucho frà ­o (The temperature dropped and now I am very cold). Tener Present Indicative In the present indicative tense, the first person singular conjugation of the verb tener is irregular, and other conjugations are stem-changing. This means that the e in the stem of the verb changes to ie when it is in a stressed syllable. Yo tengo I have Yo tengo tres hermanas. Tà º tienes You have Tà º tienes el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella tiene You/he/she has Ella tiene un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros tenemos We have Nosotros tenemos frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros tenà ©is You have Vosotros tenà ©is que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tienen You/they have Ellos tienen un buen trabajo. Tener Preterite Indicative The preterite tense conjugations of tener are irregular. The stem changes to tuv-. Yo tuve I had Yo tuve tres hermanas. Tà º tuviste You had Tà º tuviste el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella tuvo You/he/she had Ella tuvo un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros tuvimos We had Nosotros tuvimos frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros tuvisteis You had Vosotros tuvisteis que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tuvieron You/they had Ellos tuvieron un buen trabajo. Tener Imperfect Indicative The imperfect tense conjugation of tener is regular. This tense can be translated as was having or used to have. Yo tenà ­a I used to have You tenà ­a tres hermanas. Tà º tenà ­as You used to have Tà º tenà ­as el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella tenà ­a You/he/she used to have Ella tenà ­a un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros tenà ­amos We used to have Nosotros tenà ­amos frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros tenà ­ais You used to have Vosotros tenà ­ais que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tenà ­an You/they used to have Ellos tenà ­an un buen trabajo. Tener Future Indicative The future tense of the verb tener is irregular. Start with the stem tendr- and add the future tense endings (à ©, s, , emos, à ©is, n). Yo tendrà © I will have Yo tendrà © tres hermanas. Tà º tendrs Youwill have Tà º tendrs el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella tendr You/he/shewill have Ella tendr un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros tendremos Wewill have Nosotros tendremos frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros tendrà ©is Youwill have Vosotros tendrà ©is que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tendrn You/theywill have Ellos tendrn un buen trabajo. Tener Periphrastic  Future Indicative   To conjugate the periphrastic future you need three components: the present indicative conjugation of the verb ir (to go), the preposition a, and the infinitive tener. Yo voy a tener I am going to have Yo voy a tener tres hermanas. Tà º vasa tener You aregoing to have Tà º vasa tener el pelo negro. Usted/à ©l/ella vaa tener You/he/she isgoing to have Ella vaa tener un dà ­a difà ­cil. Nosotros vamosa tener We aregoing to have Nosotros vamos a tener frà ­o durante el invierno. Vosotros vaisa tener You aregoing to have Vosotros vaisa tener que trabajar mucho. Ustedes/ellos/ellas vana tener You/they aregoing to have Ellos vana tener un buen trabajo. Tener Present Progressive/Gerund Form The gerund  or present participle for the verb tener is formed regularly, with the stem of the verb and the ending -iendo (for -er and -ir verbs). It can be used to form progressive tenses like the present progressive. Present Progressive ofTener est teniendo She is having Ella est teniendo un dà ­a difà ­cil. Tener Past Participle The past participle can be used to form perfect tenses, such as the present perfect. The present perfect is formed with the auxiliary verb haber and the past participle tenido. Present Perfect ofTener ha tenido She has had Ella ha tenido un dà ­a difà ­cil. Tener Conditional Indicative The conditional tense is usually translated to English as would verb. Just like in the future tense, the verb tener is irregular and uses the stem tendr-. Yo tendrà ­a I would have Yo tendrà ­a tres hermanas si pudiera escoger. Tà º tendrà ­as Youwould have Tà º tendrà ­as el pelo negro si no te lo tià ±eras. Usted/à ©l/ella tendrà ­a You/he/shewould have Ella tendrà ­a un dà ­a difà ­cil si no le ayudaras. Nosotros tendrà ­amos Wewould have Nosotros tendrà ­amos frà ­o durante el invierno, pero tenemos un buen abrigo. Vosotros tendrà ­ais Youwould have Vosotros tendrà ­ais que trabajar mucho si trabajarais en esa empresa. Ustedes/ellos/ellas tendrà ­an You/theywould have Ellos tendrà ­an un buen trabajo si fueran ms responsables. Tener Present Subjunctive The present subjunctive is formed with the present indicative conjugation. Since the yo conjugation for tener is irregular (tengo), then the present subjunctive conjugations are also irregular. Que yo tenga That I have Es una suerte que yo tenga tres hermanas. Que tà º tengas That you have A tu novio le gusta que tà º tengas el pelo negro. Que usted/à ©l/ella tenga That you/he/she have Su enemigo quiere que ella tenga un dà ­a difà ­cil. Que nosotros tengamos That we have Mam espera que nosotros no tengamos frà ­o durante el invierno. Que vosotros tengis That you have El jefe no quiere que vosotros tengis que trabajar mucho. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas tengan That you/they have La profesora quiere que ellos tengan un buen trabajo. Tener Imperfect Subjunctive There are two options for conjugating the imperfect subjunctive, both considered correct. Option 1 Que yo tuviera That I had Era una suerte que yo tuviera tres hermanas. Que tà º tuvieras That you had A tu novio le gustaba que tà º tuvieras el pelo negro. Que usted/à ©l/ella tuviera That you/he/she had Su enemigo querà ­a que ella tuviera un dà ­a difà ­cil. Que nosotros tuvià ©ramos That we had Mam esperaba que nosotros no tuvià ©ramos frà ­o durante el invierno. Que vosotros tuvierais That you had El jefe no querà ­a que vosotros tuvierais que trabajar mucho. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas tuvieran That you/they had La profesora querà ­a que ellos tuvieran un buen trabajo. Option 2 Que yo tuviese That I had Era una suerte que yo tuviese tres hermanas. Que tà º tuvieses That you had A tu novio le gustaba que tà º tuvieses el pelo negro. Que usted/à ©l/ella tuviese That you/he/she had Su enemigo querà ­a que ella tuviese un dà ­a difà ­cil. Que nosotros tuvià ©semos That we had Mam esperaba que nosotros no tuvià ©semos frà ­o durante el invierno. Que vosotros tuvieseis That you had El jefe no querà ­a que vosotros tuvieseis que trabajar mucho. Que ustedes/ellos/ellas tuviesen That you/they had La profesora querà ­a que ellos tuviesen un buen trabajo. Tener Imperative To give direct orders or commands you need the imperative mood. It is not too common to use commands with the verb tener, except to tell someone to have a good day, to be patient, to be careful, etc. Even more rare is to use these commands in the negative form. The examples in the tables below are different than the examples in the rest of the article in order to reflect more realistic uses of tener commands. Positive Commands Tà º ten Have!  ¡Ten paciencia! Usted tenga Have!  ¡Tenga un buen dà ­a! Nosotros tengamos Let's have!  ¡Tengamos cuidado en la carretera! Vosotros tened Have!  ¡Tened calma con el trabajo! Ustedes tengan Have!  ¡Tengan fe de que todo saldr bien! Negative Commands Tà º no tengas Don't have!  ¡No tengas paciencia! Usted no tenga Don't have!  ¡No tenga un buen dà ­a! Nosotros no tengamos Let's not have!  ¡No tengamos cuidado en la carretera! Vosotros no tengis Don't have!  ¡No tengis calma con el trabajo! Ustedes no tengan Don't have!  ¡No tengan fe de que todo saldr bien!

Research a contemporary church community Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Research a contemporary church community - Essay Example This paper will look at the Hutterites while assessing their organization, leadership structure, venue and time of church meetings, their religious rituals, their theological teachings, and their ethical values. It will also look at the most attractive features of the community’s life and the aspects that would be most challenging. In all Hutterite churches, the church is organized in a group referred to as the Zullbrieder. It is made up of the spiritual leader and an advisory board comprised of a farm manager, two or three witness brothers, and the colony manager. The spiritual leader or minister also holds the title of the chief executive. The spiritual leader together with an advisory board makes the everyday decisions of the church. The spiritual leader’s responsibilities entail disciplining members of the church, undertaking church sermons, funerals, baptisms, and marriages. The church’s advisory board is made up of the farm manager, two or three witness brothers, and the colony manager who are selected for their entire life. The advisory board carries out the responsibilities of the directors or the board of trustees of the church organization. The duties of the church leaders are guided by the congregation (Hostetler 23). The witness brothers are also employed in the colony to handle a sec tion of the colony’s abundant duties. The spiritual leader’s companion at times is holds the position of a tailor. Therefore, she takes part in customary duties, for example choosing and buying fabrics, cooking, and medical decisions. All the church leadership positions are regarded as elective positions and a number of decisions are presented to a vote prior to their implementation. The decision-making and voting procedure is mostly based on a two-tier arrangement. It comprises a council, which is made up of seven